The Influence on Education of Allama Iqbal

Advocacy for Educational Reform

Iqbal believed that education was the foundation for the revival of the Muslim Ummah. To him, it wasn’t just about acquiring knowledge—it was about shaping the character and potential of individuals.

He saw education as a means of liberating the mind, nurturing the soul, and equipping individuals to lead purposeful lives.

What Kind of Reform Did He Advocate?

Iqbal emphasized the need for an education system that harmonized Islamic teachings with modern sciences.

He criticized systems that focused solely on traditional religious studies without addressing the scientific and technological advancements of the modern world.

For Iqbal, both kinds of knowledge were essential:

• • • Religious Knowledge: To connect individuals to their spiritual purpose.
    • Modern Sciences: To equip them to thrive in a rapidly changing world.

Iqbal’s Philosophy in His Own Words:
“Ilm sirf wo hai jo zindagi ke masail ka hal de aur insaan ko uske maqsood-e-hayat se jor de.”
Translation: “True knowledge is that which solves the problems of life and connects a person to their purpose.”

Criticism of Rote Learning:

Iqbal was highly critical of rote learning, which he felt suppressed creativity and critical thinking.

He believed students should be encouraged to question, explore, and innovate, rather than blindly memorize facts.

His poetry often challenged the traditional methods of education, calling for a system that fosters individuality and intellectual freedom.

Famous Line Reflecting His Critique:
“Ghulami mein na kaam aati hain shamsheerain na tadbeerain; Jo ho zauq-e-yaqeen paida, to kat jaati hain zanjeerain.”
Translation: “In slavery, neither swords nor strategies work; But if the passion of conviction arises, chains are broken.”

Educational Philosophy: Developing the Whole Person

What Did Iqbal Believe Education Should Achieve? Iqbal saw education as a tool to develop the spiritual, moral, and intellectual dimensions of a person. For him, education wasn’t just about acquiring skills or knowledge—it was about becoming a complete human being.

Spiritual Growth:

Education should connect individuals to the divine, fostering a sense of purpose and humility.

Iqbal introduced the concept of “Ilm-e-Haqiqi” (True Knowledge), which is the pursuit of knowledge that leads to understanding God’s will and the deeper truths of existence.

Moral Development:

Education should teach values like justice, compassion, and selflessness, preparing individuals to contribute positively to society.

For Iqbal, morality wasn’t about blind obedience—it was about living with integrity and aligning one’s actions with universal principles.

Intellectual Freedom:

Iqbal believed that education should liberate the mind, allowing individuals to think critically and independently.

He often used the symbol of the Shaheen (eagle) to represent ambition and freedom, urging students to soar to new intellectual and spiritual heights.

Famous Verse on Education and Vision:
“Parwane ke liye shama hai, shaheen ke liye hai parwaz.”
Translation: “For the moth, there is the candle; for the eagle, there is flight.”

This reflects Iqbal’s belief that education should inspire students to dream big and pursue their unique potential.

Legacy in Institutions: How Iqbal’s Vision Lives On

Iqbal’s influence on education is reflected in the institutions established to honor his legacy and promote his philosophy.

Iqbal Academy Pakistan:

The Iqbal Academy was created to research and disseminate Iqbal’s ideas. It organizes conferences, publishes books, and promotes educational programs centered around his philosophy.

This academy serves as a hub for scholars exploring Iqbal’s contributions to education, philosophy, and literature.

Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU):

This university revolutionized distance learning in Pakistan, making education accessible to millions of students, especially those in remote areas.

AIOU embodies Iqbal’s vision of inclusive education, ensuring that even marginalized communities have the opportunity to learn and grow.

Iqbal in School Curricula:

Schools and colleges in Pakistan—and even some in India and Iran—have incorporated Iqbal’s works into their curricula.

His poetry and essays are taught to inspire students to think critically about their role in society and their connection to spiritual and intellectual growth.

Youth Empowerment Through Education: “Architects of the Future”

He often addressed the youth directly in his poetry, urging them to embrace ambition, courage, and responsibility.
Famous Verse Addressed to Youth:
“Khudi ko kar buland itna ke har taqdeer se pehle; Khuda bande se khud poochhe, bata teri raza kya hai.”
Translation: “Raise your selfhood to such heights that even destiny asks you what you desire.”

This line inspires young people to take charge of their lives, shaping their destiny with conviction and effort.

How Did He Empower Youth Through His Works?

Javed Nama:

Iqbal wrote this Persian masterpiece as a spiritual guide for his son, Javed, but it’s also a universal message for all youth.

The work takes readers on a journey through the cosmos, exploring themes of self-discovery, moral growth, and spiritual awakening.

Encouragement to Lead:

Iqbal consistently portrayed youth as leaders of change, calling on them to challenge outdated systems and build a more just and enlightened society.

He emphasized that young people must combine knowledge with action, using their education to solve real-world problems.